药物革新：国际观察中的动机、竞争、效益分析 Pharmaceutical Innovation : Incentives, Competition, and Cost-Benefit Analysis in International Perspective 下载 pdf 百度网盘 epub 免费 2025 电子版 mobi 在线

The pharmaceutical industry worldwide is a rapidly burgeoning industry contributing to growth of gross domestic product and employment. Technological change in this field has been very rapid, with many new products being introduced. For this reason in part, health care budgets throughout the world have increased dramatically, eliciting growing pressures for cost containment. This book explores four important issues in pharmaceutical innovations: (1) the industry structure of pharmaceutical innovation; (2) incentives for correcting market failures in allocating resources for research and development; (3) competition and marketing; and (4) public evaluation of the benefits and costs of innovation. The lessons are applicable to countries all over the world, at all levels of economic development. By discussing existing evidence this book proposes incentive arrangements to accomplish social objectives.

List of Tables

List of Figures

Contributors

Acknowledgments

1. Introduction

PART I. THE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL INNOVATION

　2. The Pharmaceutical Sector in Health Care

　3. The Economics of Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry

PART 1I. STRUCTURING INCENTIVES FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

4. Drugs for Neglected Diseases: New Incentives for Innovation

5. When Patents Fail: Finding New Drugs for the Developing World

6. Implementing a Public Subsidy for Vaccines

　7. Ensuring the Future Supply of Vaccines: Is a National Vaccine Authority the Answer?

PART III. COMPETITION AND MARKETING

　8. Competition between Generic and Branded Drugs

　9. The United States' Experience with Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs: What Have We Learned?

PART IV. PUBLIC EVALUATION OF THE BENEFITS AND COSTS OF INNOVATION

　10. Measures of Costs and Benefits for Drugs in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

　11. Using Economic Evaluation in Reimbursement Decisions for Health Technologies: Lessons from International Experience

　12. Pharmaceutical Spending and Health Outcomes

　13. Pharmaceutical Innovation and Health Outcomes: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan

　14. Conclusions and Policy Implications

Notes

References

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作者简介：Frank Sloan has been the J. Alexander McMahon Professor of Health Policy and Management and Professor of Economics at Duke University since 1993, where he holds faculty appointments in the Department of Economics, the School of Public Policy, the Fuqua School of Business, and the School of Nursing. Before joining the faculty at Duke, he was a research economist at the Rand Corporation and served on the faculties of the University of Florida and Vanderbilt University. His current research interests include alcohol use and smoking prevention, long-term care, medical malpractice, and cost-effectiveness analyses of medical technologies. Professor Sloan also has a long-standing interest in hospitals, health care financing, and health manpower. He has served on several national advisory public and private groups, including the Physician Payment Review Commission. He has been a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences since 1982, recently chairing IOM committees on vaccine financing and cancer in low- and middle-income countries. He recently received a Merit Award from the National Institutes of Health and an Investigator Award from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Professor Sloan's most recent books include The Smoking Puzzle: Information, Risk Perceptions, and Choice (2003) with Drs V. Kerry Smith and Donald H. Taylor, Jr., and The Price of Smoking with Drs Jan Ostermann, Gabriel Picone, Christopher Conover, and Donald H. Taylor, Jr. (2004). Professor Sloan received his Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University in 1969.

书籍介绍

The pharmaceutical industry worldwide is a rapidly burgeoning industry contributing to growth of gross domestic product and employment. Technological change in this field has been very rapid, with many new products being introduced. For this reason in part, health care budgets throughout the world have increased dramatically, eliciting growing pressures for cost containment. This book explores four important issues in pharmaceutical innovations: (1) the industry structure of pharmaceutical innovation; (2) incentives for correcting market failures in allocating resources for research and development; (3) competition and marketing; and (4) public evaluation of the benefits and costs of innovation. The lessons are applicable to countries all over the world, at all levels of economic development. By discussing existing evidence this book proposes incentive arrangements to accomplish social objectives.